What is the purpose of applying cricoid pressure during rapid-sequence intubation?

• A. Increase airway resistance
• B. Decrease aspiration risk
• C. Facilitate ventilation
• D. Prevent cervical injury

Answer: (B)

The application of cricoid pressure during rapid-sequence intubation is primarily intended to decrease aspiration risk. This maneuver, also known as the Sellick maneuver, aims to compress the esophagus against the cervical spine, effectively occluding it. When properly executed, this pressure minimizes the likelihood of gastric contents entering the trachea and potentially causing aspiration pneumonia, which is a serious complication that can occur during intubation, especially in patients at higher risk for regurgitation.

While cricoid pressure itself does not actively facilitate ventilation, increase airway resistance, or prevent cervical injury, its focus on reducing aspiration risk is critical in emergency airway management. By ensuring a clear airway devoid of vomitus or other debris, clinicians enhance the overall safety of the intubation process and improve the chances of successful oxygenation and ventilation following tube placement.